Prevalence analysis of common allergies in respiratory allergic diseases of children in Guangzhou urban districts

Objective To evaluate the common allergies in respiratory allergic diseases of children in Guangzhou urban districts and to provide the evidence for preventing allergic diseases.Methods All eases were collected from Pediatric Out-patient Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College from February 1st,2006 to March 30th,2007.183 children were above 5 years old,whose diagnoses were asthma and(or) allergic rhinitis,and lived in Guangzhou urban districts.In 183 cases,132 were males females.Among 183 patients,58 cases were asthma,20 cases were rhinitis and 105 cases were asthma andrhinitis.All the patients underwent skin prick tests(SPT) with 13 common aeroallergens,total IgE(TIgE),specific IgE(sIgE) and eosinophil count in serum.Results Among 183 patients,157(85.8%) had at least one positive skin reaction.The rates of positive skin reaction with 13 common aeroallergens were from 5.5 % to 75.4%.The positive rate of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(Der p) was the highest(79.8%),then followed up by Dermatophagoides farinae(Der f)(72.7%),Blomia tropicalis(65.0%),dog hair(48.6%),American cockroach(47.0%),cat hair(34.4%),Blatella germanica (29.5%),mixed moulds(19.7%),mixed grass pollens(15.9%),Artemisia vulgaris(7.7%),Ambrosia artemisifolia(5.5%).The patients (146/183 cases) who were positive reactivity in mites were concomitant reactivity to multiple allergens (115/146 cases,78.8%).Only 11 cases with negative reactivity in acaridan were combined with multiple allergens(11/37 cases,29.7%).There was statistical significance between in positive/negative skin reaction with aearidan(X2=33.099,P 7 group) was more statisticallysignificant than the group of lower 7 years old(≤7 group)in the allergic positive rates (P 7 group and≤7 group(all P\u003e0.05).Mites(Der P,Der f and Blomia tropicalis) were the most common aeroallergens in patients withasthma,or rhinitis,and both asthma and rhinitis.Apart from that of cockroach(P 0.05).Conclusions The allergy is the important factor in respiratory allergy disease.Those patients with asthma and(or) allergic rhinitis usually have the positive SPT.House dust mites were the most prevalent allergens in children with asthma and(or) rhinitis in Guangzhou urban districts.With age growing,the children with respiratory allergic disease are more sensitiveto aeroallergens.There are the same allergens among asthma and(or) rhinitis.To estimate allergen patterns of sensitizations in patients from different geographic areas,age groups as well as asthma and(or) rhinitis contribute to earlier diagnosis and earlier prevention.\r\n\r\nKey words: \r\nAeroallergens; Skin prick test; Respiratory allergic disease; Children