Moving Away From Maternalism? The Politics Of Parental Leave Reforms In Latin America (Vol 53, Pg 7, 2020)

Policies to address reconciliation of work and family have come to the political forefront around the world. One key policy is extending paid parental leaves. We construct a database on paid parental leaves for Latin American countries from 2000 to 2016. Quantitative analysis finds that higher per capita GDP, higher women's labor force participation, and more programmatic political parties increase the likelihood of parental leave reform, while political ideology, share of women in the legislature, and gender of the executive do not emerge as significant. We process-trace reforms in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Uruguay and show how programmatic party systems enable social demand to influence executive commitment to pursue policy reform and evidence-based expertise to design policy that facilitates more paternal involvement and social equity.