STAT3: Versatile Functions in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) activation is frequently found in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient samples/cell lines and STAT3 inhibition in NSCLC cell lines markedly impairs their survival. STAT3 also plays a pivotal role in driving tumor-promoting inflammation and evasion of anti-tumor immunity. Consequently, targeting STAT3 either directly or by inhibition of upstream regulators such as Interleukin-6 (IL-6) or Janus kinase 1/2 (JAK1/2) is considered as a promising treatment strategy for the management of NSCLC. In contrast, some studies also report STAT3 being a tumor suppressor in a variety of solid malignancies, including lung cancer. Here, we provide a concise overview of STAT3's versatile roles in NSCLC and discuss the yins and yangs of STAT3 targeting therapies.