Vitamin D alleviates airway remodeling in asthma by down-regulating the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

Vitamin D exerts a protective role in asthma; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the vitamin D-attenuated asthma airway remodeling are yet to be elucidated. In this study, Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, asthma, vitamin D 50 ng/mL, and vitamin D 100 ng/mL. The treatment with 100 ng/mL vitamin D remarkably reduced the thickness of the airway smooth muscle, collagen deposition, and the alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) mass and airway inflammation. Conversely, the treatment by vitamin D significantly up-regulated the serum levels of 25(OH)2D3 that were decreased in asthma. The putative signaling pathway of vitamin D was based on Wnt5a and β-catenin expression assessed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot, which revealed that the administration of vitamin D significantly decreased the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These results suggested that administration of vitamin D alleviated the airway remodeling in asthma by down-regulating the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.