A Scheduling Strategy of Vehicle-2-Grid based on Stackelberg Gaming Model

This paper proposes a V2G scheduling strategy based on Stackelberg gaming model. It is assumed that the power grid operator controls a battery storage system to provide auxiliary services to reduce the operation costs, while the PEV aggregator pursues minimal charging costs through cooperative game theory. Thus a Stackelberg gaming model is established with real-time electricity price, as the PEV aggregator has to determine the optimal strategies according to the strategies formulated by the grid operators, where the grid operator, as the leader, has the priority to the charging and discharging of the battery storage system, and the PEV aggregator, as the follower, wants to reduce the total charging costs as much as possible under the strategies of the grid operator. Based on the proposed Stackelberg gaming model, this paper discusses the optimal strategies of the grid operator and the PEV aggregator under Stackelberg Equilibrium through Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. Finally, a series of simulation experimental results have confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed model.