Glycan Therapeutics: Resurrecting an Almost Pharma-Forgotten Drug Class

Despite their enormous potential, glycans as therapeutics yet remain a widely untapped drug class. This overview shares the viewpoint that glycans have been aptly termed the "dark matter" of biology and have thus been largely ignored for decades. Provided herein is a background on the multiple structures and functions of glycan therapeutics, and focuses on examples and case studies of the glycan therapeutics in clinical use or in a clinical development. Perspectives on various hurdles are also provided, such as regulatory or scientific messaging and how these can influence the clinical development of this drug category. Finally some of the necessary changes in perception, education, and research infrastructure for continued support and advancement of this promising category of therapeutics are described.