Evidence-based Assessment of Current and Emerging Bladder-sparing Therapies for Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer After Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

The variability in efficacy and safety outcomes highlights the need for consistent endpoint reporting and patient population definitions in non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer after bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy. With promising emerging treatments currently in development, efficacious and safe therapeutic options are urgently needed for this difficult-to-treat patient population.