Utilizing Subdermal Electrodes as a Noninvasive Alternative for Motor Based BCIs

There has been considerable recent interest in applying brain–computer interface (BCI) technology for the rehabilitation of nervous system disorders. This survey considers possible ways that BCI technology can be applied to motor rehabilitation after stroke as well as other disorders of brain functioning. To date, there have been a number of studies demonstrating proof of principle, but definitive evidence of efficacy is lacking. This area may advance as research identifies new signals to train, more effective means of training, as well as improved paradigms for applying this technology.