Diversity analysis reveals genetic homogeneity among Indian populations of legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata (F.)

Legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata, has lately emerged as one of the major insect pests of pigeonpea causing considerable crop losses. Thus, efficient management of M. vitrata is an important component for sustained pigeonpea productivity for which information on insect diversity could be useful. Present study was undertaken to evaluate the diversity in M. vitrata populations collected from major pigeonpea growing areas of India using molecular markers, Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit 1 ( cox1 ) and Translational Elongation Factor - 1α ( tef - 1α ). Genomic DNA from larvae of different populations was extracted; 709 bp and 550 bp fragments of cox1 and tef - 1α were PCR-amplified, cloned and sequenced. Comparison of sequences of different populations using multiple sequence alignment did not show any differences in cox1 and tef - 1α sequences within the Indian populations. However, further analysis based upon cox1 sequences has revealed moderate nucleotide diversity ( π = 0.26174) among Indian and global M. vitrata populations, whereas nucleotide diversity within Indian populations is nonsignificant ( π = 0.00226). Additionally, phylogenetic analysis of cox1 sequences grouped all the Indian populations into one cluster while that of global were completely separate indicating a different ancestral background. This is a maiden attempt for diversity assessment of Indian M. vitrata populations that established them to be genetic homologs with different ancestral background.