Association Between Fine Particulate Matter and Fatal Hemorrhagic Stroke Incidence: A Time Stratified Case-Crossover Study in Shanghai, China.

OBJECTIVES:Evidence of the association between fine particulate (PM2.5, particles ≤2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter) air pollution and fatal hemorrhagic stroke incidence is limited. This study aims to document the relationship between PM2.5 exposure and fatal hemorrhagic stroke incidence. METHODS:The time-stratified case-crossover approach was applied for the analysis. RESULTS:The mean concentration of PM2.5 is 75.33 μg/m. Fatal hemorrhagic stroke incidence was significantly associated with PM2.5 exposure. Exposure to PM2.5 led to a 5% (2%-9%) and 5% (1%-10%) increase in fatal hemorrhagic stroke incidence in lag2 and lag03 respectively. An increased risk was observed especially in men and subjects with hypertension. CONCLUSIONS:This study provides evidence for the association between PM2.5 exposure and fatal hemorrhagic stroke incidence. Men and subjects with hypertension have increased risks, overweight may further increase their susceptibility to PM2.5 exposure related hemorrhagic stroke.