Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and chimeric antigen receptor T cell for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Aim: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is the standard-of-care curative treatment for relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (RR-DLBCL), but the relapse rate is usually high. Materials & methods: In this study, we treated 14 RR-DLBCL patients by combining ASCT and anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Results: Eleven (78.57%) patients achieved complete or partial remission. Median duration of progression-free survival was 14.82 months (95% CI: 0.00-31.20 months) with 6-month progression-free survival rate of 64.29% (95% CI: 39.18-89.40%). Median overall survival was not achieved, with 1-year overall survival rate of 65.48% (95% CI: 36.00-94.96%). No neurotoxicity was observed. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated safety and feasibility of ASCT and anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell treatment for RR-DLBCL patients.