Preventing and treating auditory dysfunctions

Guthrie et al., Carboxy alkyl esters of Uncaria tomentosa augment recovery of sensorineural functions following noise injury, Brain Res., Aug. 17, 2011, p. 97-106.* Dharmananda, Treatment of Tinnitus, Vertigo, and Meniere's Dis ease with Chinese herbs, Jun. 1998, available at http://www. itmonline.org/artistinmen.htm. Bors et al., Protective activity of the Uncaria tomentosa extracts on human erythrocytes in Oxidative stress induced by 2.4dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and catechol, Food and Chemical Toxi cology, vol. 49, Issue 9, Sep. 2011.* Kaathu Iraichalukku Ennai-6, Traditional Knowledge Database Library, AMO5/1513, knowledge known since 1000 years, available at http://www.tkdl res.in/tkdl/Langldefault. Formulation/Member Docs/BLC siddha highlight.asp?a=/tkdl/langdefault formulation? member docs/ble/siddha?am(05-1513.asp&b-uncaria and ear&c=T &stypePrint=Global-Simple-Search?str=Global.* Pero. Historical Development of Uncaria Preparations and Their Related Bioactive Components, Chapter 10, in: DNA Damage Repair, Repair Mechanisms and Aging, p. 223-236, 2010.* Age-related Changes in DNA Repair Illuminate the Connection Between Age and Genetic Damage, Oct. 24, 2006, Science Daily. Anna Rita Fetoni, Sara Eramo, Diana Troiani, Gaetano Paludetti, Therapeutic Window for Ferulic Acid Protection Against Noise induced Hearing Loss in the Guinea Pig, Jan. 2011. Institute of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Catholic University. A.R. Fetoni, C. Mancuso, S.L.M. Eramo, M. Ralli, R. Piacentini, E. Barone, G. Paludetti and D. Troiani. In Vivo Protective Effect of Ferulic Acid Against Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in the Guinea Pig, pp. 1575-1588, Neuroscience 169 (2010). Klaus Keplinger et. al. Uncaria tomentosa (Willd.) DC.— Ethnomedicinal use and new pharmacological, toxicological and botanical results, Journal of Ethnopharmacology No. 64, 1999, pp. 23-34 (Exhibit 7). M. Sandoval et. al. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of cat's claw (Uncaria tomentosa and Uncaria guianensis) are inde pendent of their alkaloid content, Phytomedicine, No. 9, 2002, pp. 325-337 (Exhibit 8).