Phytochemical analysis and biological activities of leaves and bark hexane extracts of Premna mucronata Roxb. collected from Kumaun hills of Uttarakhand

Premna mucronata Roxb. commonly known as agyon, is a high medicinal value plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae. The phytochemical, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial potential of leaves and bark hexane extracts of Premna mucronata (PMLH and PMBH) were investigated in this study. GC/MS analysis was done to determine the compounds present in the extracts. The extracts were subjected to biochemical assay for total phenolics, flavanoid and orthodihydric phenols; their biological activities was determined using developed protocols. GC-MS analysis revealed the occurrence of (Z)-7tetradecenal and linoelaidic acid, TMS as a major compound in PMLH and PMBH respectively. PMLH and PMBH were found to contain potentially significant amount of total phenolics, total flavonoids and total ortho-dihydric phenol content. Antioxidant activity of extracts assessment using, DPPH radical scavenging, metal chelating and reducing power activity resulted significant antioxidant potential presumably due to qualitative and quantitative difference of their antioxidative components. Moderate anti-inflammatory activity was exhibited by both the extracts with IB50 value ranging from 63.77±0.04 μg/mL to 76.25±0.90μg/mL. Antibacterial activity was also performed using well diffusion method and it has been found that both the sample showed sustainable antibacterial activity against the bacterial strains Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.