Modeling of communication in WebGIS for dissemination of spatial data and promotion of spatial analysis

The work aims to support the dissemination of information and spatial analysis within the GIS via the media of the world wide web "the global network, which provides that documents are linked and executed on the Internet. For this task, it is necessary to understand the relationship of communication promoted by new digital media, particularly with regard to consultation and analysis of data spatially localized, with the aim of building information on the territorial reality. In this sense, our interest is understanding how to make the processes of communication, especially for studying this process in applications of information technology for dissemination and analysis of spatial data. Once studied the phenomenon, is proposed for modeling of a product based on GIS (geographic information system) to support decision making through the media web by implementing the proposal called Webgis in case studies in Brazil and Italy. From the assembly of prototypes, tests are designed for functionality and usability, through access to the network between countries, multi-access. 1. Contextualization With the exponential growth of people who are connected to the worldwide network of computers, the World Wide Web has become a very important vehicle for dissemination of information for everyone. Their activities began with the dissipation of documents containing text and some images of low quality, such as GIF and JPEG. The protocol HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and HyperText Markup Language (HTML) on the operation and were allowed, and transmit content online, increasing interactivity, and although limited to the current standards of conventional graphics applications. The most basic form of dissemination in the context of geospatial data, are WebMaps. According to Ramos (2005), from the concept of hypertext, the hipermapas emerged, defined as interactive digital maps, which allow the user to access a series of georeferenced information through links. It is an index map, which allows queries to different scales and different sets of information. The constant evolution of technology has enabled the creation of digital libraries for publishing data. The digital libraries of geographic information are centers that provide spatial data infrastructure for the creation, structuring, storage, processing, retrieval and distribution of spatial data (Chambers et al., 1996). You could say that Webgis and the portals are part of such service. Technological advances resulted in a new map in which the products are organized more quickly and interaction is almost in real time. Starts up the period of multimedia cartography. The design of interactive multimedia and hypermedia was introduced to refer to the media combined with the structure of interactive links. The emphasis changes from "static" to "dynamic". With this, the media has become the interface of communication between sender and recipient of information, interaction and the key to the formation of knowledge. "Systems are becoming interactive ways to communicate the endless spatial information" (Rijken, 1996, p.37). The Webgis then can be understood as a system for providing construction and mapping using the interface of the Internet. It seeks to solve the difficulty of taking the information from point to point, or decode the information specialist for the end user. Currently, the construction of the thought of Geoinformation is centered at the stage of concern about communication between the specialist producer of information and the end user may often not know much about the concept mapping. This is because of the perception that the production of information does not necessarily mean the transmission of knowledge, since the data only becomes a loss of knowledge if you bring a new perspective and a new look. Consequently grow the studies on ways of viewing and communication patterns toward the correct dialogue between the two points of knowledge. With this, enter the modeling of communication as an important tool to study and understand how the different types of users use Web browsers and how they decode the information generated within the GIS. With this, you can create geographic information systems with interfaces to high level of communication and usability and ready to be published on the internet. 2. COMMUNICATIONS MODEL Within the context of mapping and communication models, the maps arise as important means of communication to provide the user information about spatial phenomena duties of support for decision making and spatial analysis. The role of communication beyond the maps are used as tools for visual analysis, the process called cartographic visualization (International Cartographic Association, 2001). From simplified, means use of visualization methods for graphical analysis and presentation of data (DiBiasi et al, 1992). The use of maps as a means of communication, there are three elements involved: the cartographer as the transmitter, the map as a channel of transmission, the end user as a receiver. There is always the risk of noise in the communication if the sender did not USA and the code if the code is not shared by sender and receiver, and if the channel does not contain the code properly. The interest on the production of maps is not new. One of the most important studies was Kolacny (1977) which proposes a model of cartographic communication shown in Figure 1. This model assumes that there must be an overlap of the realities of cartographers and users so that they understand the significance of representations of information. For the preparation of a map, the cartographer says the world about their perspective and represents the map. The user draws a map of this message. What the map can communicate efficiently, we must evaluate all the conditions of influence in this process, ie the needs of the user, means of presentation, the level of understanding of users, the fact of use, the perception of the user, possibility of techniques and their costs than the complexity of information. Added to these concerns, the process involves two stages: the appearance and form and content in the second stage the details, such as the symbology used. Figure 1 Model of Cartographic Communication Source: KOLACNY (1977, p. 42) As the map on paper could not meet all users due to different levels of knowledge and perceptions, will begin a new stage in the process of cartographic communication: "The computer, which until recently was used to automate the production of maps on paper, begins to incorporate a form of interactive mapping and becomes, in this case, not only a means of producing maps, but a means of communication . '(Peterson,