An Application of Ad Hoc Networks in Disaster Area for Search and Rescue Operation: A Survery and Challenges

Ad hoc network is infrastructure less network which posses characteristics like decentralized administration and very less efforts for setup. Due to this, it is most suitable for many applications like military, disaster area, rescue operation, collaborative computing and conference meeting where it is not possible to setup wired network or infrastructure based wireless network. During any disaster which can be natural or man-made, existing infrastructure may be destroyed so, ad hoc network can facilitate communication among team members (nodes) of rescue team during post disaster situation. There are many challenges for ad hoc network like modeling mobility, connectivity, routing protocol, broadcast method, and energy saving when it is applied to such disaster scenario. This paper presents a survey on ad hoc network for disaster area and discusses challenges and solution which are presented in literature as well some future direction.