TLR2/6 signaling promotes the expansion of premalignant hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in the NUP98–HOXD13 mouse model of MDS

•Chronic stimulation of TLR2/6, but not TLR1/2, accelerates leukemic transformation in the NHD13 mouse model of MDS.•Conversely, loss of TLR6, but not TLR1, extends survival in NHD13 mice.•TLR2/6 agonist treatment leads to cell-autonomous expansion of premalignant HSPCs.•TLR2/6 agonist treatment is associated with activation of Myc and mTORC1 in HPSCs.