Non-vitamin K Oral Anticoagulants in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Patients Undergoing Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation.

Introduction Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and atrial fibrillation (AF) require chronic anticoagulation due to high thromboembolic risk. Evidence supporting the use of non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in patients with HCM remains sparse, and there are no data regarding the use of NOACs in patients with HCM undergoing catheter ablation of AF. Methods Observational nonrandomized study in four European centers. We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of NOACs compared with vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in patients with HCM undergoing catheter ablation for AF. Results A total of 137 patients with HCM (mean age: 55.0 +/- 13.4, 29.1% female) underwent 230 catheter ablations for AF (1.7 +/- 1.0 per patient). A total of 55 patients (39.4%) underwent 70 procedures (30.4%) on NOAC, while the remaining were on VKA. Warfarin (97.6%) and rivaroxaban (56.4%) were the most frequently used agents in the respective groups. No procedure-related deaths were reported. We observed no significant difference in the rate of thromboembolism (VKA: 0.6%; NOAC: 0%;p = 1.0) or minor bleeding (VKA: 0.6%; NOAC: 1.4%;p = .54). There was a nonsignificant trend towards a lower incidence of major bleeding (VKA: 6.9%; NOAC: 1.4%;p = .09). Conclusion These preliminary data suggest that NOACs are at least as safe and effective as VKAs in patients with HCM undergoing catheter ablation for AF.