Risk factors affecting renal function and survival of patients with myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis
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Objective: To determine the prognostic values of clinical and laboratory features at the time of presentation on renal function and survival of patients with myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis. (MPO-ANCA GN). Materials and methods: A total of 119 patients (52 males and 67 females) with MPO-ANCA GN and hospitalized at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2010 to April 2018 were enrolled. The baseline clinical characteristics, renal biopsy pathological data, and risk factors predictive of renal and patient survival were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among these 119 patients, the median serum creatinine at diagnosis was 354.30 (range, 216.10 - 637.30) mmol/L and the median estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 14.78 (range, 7.23 - 29.21) mL/min. In total, 58 (48.7%) patients received initial renal replacement therapy (RRT). During a median follow-up duration of 32 (range, 3 - 113) months, 57 (47.9%) patients progressed to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Initial renal function status (i.e., initial RRT, serum creatinine, and eGFR) (p < 0.001) and hemoglobin level (p = 0.027) were significant risk factors for renal survival. During the follow-up, 69 (57.6%) of 119 patients survived. Age (p = 0.009) and urine red blood cell count (p = 0.012) were predictive of patient survival. Conclusion: Among patients with MPO-ANCA GN, poor renal function and lower hemoglobin level were predictive of ESRD, while older age and higher urinary red blood cell count were associated with a higher risk for all-cause mortality.