Vannilic acid ameliorates hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Objective Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic illness and it is a result of hyperglycemia ensuing since a deficiency in insulin production, insulin function. Based on WHO statistics, more than 347 million peoples are suffered from the DM globally and it may increase to 694 million in 2030. Vanillic acid (VA) is a phenolic derived compound from dietary vegetations and fruits with the many biological acitivities. This current research was planned to investigate the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory potential of VA on streptozotocin-challenged DM in rats. Methods Later than an overnight fast, the rats were induced diabetes via one intraperitoneal treatment of STZ (40 mg/kg b.wt) in a newly organized 0.1 M citrate buffer. We analyzed body weight, plasma glucose, liver marker enzymes, insulin, carbohydrate metabolic enzymes, glycosylated hemoglobin, protein profiles, oxidant/antioxidant levels, inflammatory mediators and also evaluate histopathology of pancreatic tissues in normal control and investigational animals. Results Diabetic animals were revealed an increased in HbA1c, blood glucose, food and fluid intake and relative weight of kidney and liver, whereas the reduced level of insulin and body weight. Furthermore, augmented levels of ALT, glucose-6-phosphatase, AST, TBARS, TNF-α, creatinine, LOOH, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase, ALP, IL-6 and IL-1β whereas, reduced status of antioxidant enzymes were observed in diabetic rats. Histopathological analysis of pancreatic tissues was in support of the biochemical parameters. Conclusions Diabetic rats treated by VA significantly alter all these parameters toward normal levels. These results recommended that the VA is a potential antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effect for the cure of DM.