Performance Analysis of Variant MIMO Systems Over 3-D Vehicular to Vehicular Channel

This article analyzes the performance of variant multiple & x2013;input multiple & x2013;output (MIMO) systems over three-dimensional (3D) vehicular to vehicular (V2V) wireless communication channel. In particular, quadrature spatial modulation (QSM), spatial multiplexing (SMX) and spatial modulation (SM) MIMO techniques are considered. A unified framework to analyze the average bit error rate (BER) for all considered MIMO techniques is developed while considering the 3D geometry dependent stochastic V2V channel model and substantiated through Monte Carlo simulation results. Reported results corroborate the accuracy of the derived formulas and the impact of different system and channel parameters is studied. Specifically, the encroachment of Doppler effect, channel estimation errors, 3D features and vehicle traffic density (VTD) on the BER performance of all systems are examined and discussed. It is revealed that QSM system achieves substantial gains as compared to its counterpart SM and SMX schemes. Gains of up to 2 & x2013;4 dB in signal-to-noise-ratio are reported for different scenarios.