Smartphone Operation in a Dark Environment for Semi-awake Users

Human-computer interaction is commonly designed for users who are awake and in a brightly lit environment. However, as computer technology becomes ubiquitous, opportunities for semi-awake users in dark environments to interact with computers. In this study, we propose a low stimulus and effortless interaction that does not prevent semi-awake users from falling asleep in dark bedrooms. We have developed a bedside box (BSB) that holds and charges a smartphone. The BSB has an optical lens that projects the smartphone display onto the ceiling. The green and low light intensity projection primarily stimulates human rod cells and provides low-intensity visual stimuli. An interface that allows the user to set an air conditioner, to adjust lighting, to set an alarm clock, to monitor a security camera, to make handwritten notes, and to lock an entrance door was designed, developed experimentally, and evaluated.