Stromal deactivation by CSF1: a new feature of the aggressive pancreatic cancer microenvironment.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer with one of the poorest prognosis among all malignancies. The initiation and evolution of this kind of tumor depends on a complex interaction between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). In an elegant study, Steins et al [1] used a combination of relevant disease models to show that mesenchymal subtype of PDAC shows a distinct deactivation of stellate cells in a CSF1-dependent fashion. This study shedding light on a new role for the stroma driving an aggressive PDAC subtypes shifts the current paradigm for the requirement of an activated TME to regulate PDAC growth and maintenance.