A Stochastic Programming Model with Endogenous and Exogenous Uncertainty for Reliable Network Design Under Random Disruption

•A stochastic programming model for combined network design and facility protection.•Allow for imperfect protection and disruption, multi-level protection and multi-state capacity.•Modeling imperfect and multi-level protection substantially improves model performance.•Stochastic programming model substantially outperforms deterministic counterpart.•Stochastic programming model is sensitive to the estimation error of prediction models.