Sustained Drug Retention After Paclitaxel-Coated Balloon Angioplasty For Superficial Femoral Artery Disease: Follow-Up Intravascular Imaging

A 63 year-old woman with claudication underwent endovascular therapy for diffuse stenosis of the right superficial femoral artery in our hospital. We performed paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty using the IN.PACT (TM) Admiral (TM) and achieved acceptable results. After 42 days, we performed follow-up optical frequency domain imaging for the right superficial femoral artery lesion treated with paclitaxel-coated balloon and observed several high-intensity regions with attenuation on the lumen surface. Sustained drug availability is a notable characteristic of paclitaxel-coated balloon. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the visualization of sustained drug retention on the lumen surface using follow-up optical frequency domain imaging after paclitaxel-coated balloon angioplasty in a human patient with superficial femoral artery disease.