Shakedown analysis of a hollow sphere by interior-point method with non-linear optimization

•Based on Melan’s static theorem, a direct numerical method to predict the macroscopic shakedown safety domain of porous materials was provided by considering the hollow sphere unit cell.•The behavior of the porous materials under general loadings has been decomposed in spherical and deviatoric parts.•The interior-point method-based program is combined with the homogenization theory on micromechanics to analyze shakedown behavior at macro scale.•A 3D MPC procedure with homogeneous outer boundary condition is implemented in the program allowing the study of non-axisymmetric loading cases.•The proposed method can be easily implemented for other composite materials or polymeric materials with similar structures.