Parametric design study of monolayer graphene based TeO2 waveguide saturable absorber

2D materials, led by graphene, have been widely explored in the last decade as saturable absorber (SA) materials. Most of this work has focussed on fibre compatible designs for use in fibre lasers (e.g. fibre connector sandwich, D-shaped fibre). Realising chip based mode locked lasers is an important challenge, and little work has been carried out on planar waveguide SAs. Here, simulation results for the absorption performance of two types of graphene based TeO2 waveguide SA designs with suitably high absorption and low saturation threshold are presented.