Graphene-Based Hybrid Plasmonic Modulator With High Modulation Efficiency

A graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulator (GHPM) is proposed by adopting the electro-absorption effect of graphene. The simulation results show that the modulation efficiency of GHPM can be as large as 0.417 dB/mu m, which is more than twice as much as that of recently presented graphene-on-silicon modulator (GOSM). Then we fabricate a prototype of GHPM. The measurement results demonstrate that the GHPM can work in a broadband from 1530 nm to 1570 nm and an improved modulation efficiency of 1.08 dB (at 30 mu m). At last, we have discussed the factors that influence the modulation efficiency. Our work may promote the development of on-chip graphene-based plasmonic devices.