Power Losses in the Front Transparent Conductive Oxide Layer of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells: Design Guide for Single-Junction and Four-Terminal Tandem Applications

In silicon heterojunction solar cells, optimization of the front transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer is required in order to minimize both electrical and optical losses. In this article, design guidelines for this overall power loss minimization are presented-extending previous TCO optimization work that was limited to the maximization of the short-circuit current density alone-and these are ...