Human mesenchymal stem cell therapy for cartilage repair: Review on isolation, expansion, and constructs.

●Articular cartilage has a poor intrinsic capacity for self-repair.●Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy for cartilage regeneration.●Bioprocessing strategies for the large-scale production of MSC.●Successful strategies for engineering MSC constructs for cartilage repair.●Numerous of preclinical and clinical studies using MSC construct for cartilage.