Association of ELMO1 Gene Polymorphism and Diabetic Nephropathy among Egyptian Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background and Objective Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common cause of end stage renal failure or even death among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Genetic predisposition is widely studied among these patients to identify manageable aspects of the disease pathogenesis. This study was carried out to test the association of engulfment and cell motility 1 (ELMO1) gene polymorphism with DN among Egyptians. ELMO1 is required for phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and cell motility. Methods This case-control study was conducted on type 2 diabetic patients who attended Suez Canal University Hospital, Egypt, between November 2016 and October 2017. Peripheral blood was collected from 200 diabetic patients (without nephropathy), 200 patients with DN, and 100 healthy controls for DNA extraction. The single nucleotide polymorphism of ELMO1 (rs741301) was genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reaction and the allele discrimination technique. Results GG genotype was significantly associated with DN (odds ratio [OR] = 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4-5.3) (P= .016). The OR for the high-risk allele (G) was 1.9 with 95% CI from 1.5 to 2.9 (P < .001). Conclusion ELMO1 gene (rs741301) polymorphism is a candidate variant in the predisposition to DN.