Dosimetric validation of the Gamma Knife ® Icon TM plan adaptation and high-definition motion management system with a motorized anthropomorphic head phantom.

Our results indicated that dosimetric accuracy of the Gamma Knife® Icon system is reliable even in extreme treatment conditions. However, the user should exercise caution for superiorly located small lesions with an HDMM threshold ≥2 mm or in the scenario of large initial setup error.