Verbal fluency in three Spanish-English bilingual speakers with TBI

•Verbal fluency in bilingual TBI was compared with healthy bilingual verbal fluency.•Level of language impairment appeared to be an important predictor of performance.•Parallel impairment of languages may be a common recovery pattern in bilingual TBI.•Language control may be a common feature of bilingual TBI sequelae.•Number of switches, but not cluster size, was associated with lower performance.