Comparing ammonia volatilization between conventional and slow-release nitrogen fertilizers in paddy fields in the Taihu Lake region
Environmental Science and Pollution Research(2020)
摘要
Pollution arising from ammonia volatilization in paddy fields could be reduced by using slow-release nitrogen fertilizers. In recent years, slow-release nitrogen fertilizers have been commonly used to replace conventional nitrogen fertilizers in the Taihu Lake region to reduce ammonia volatilization and improve nitrogen-use efficiency. To compare ammonia volatilization losses and examine the effects of different factors (N rates, types, field water NH 4 + , pH, and rainfall) between conventional nitrogen fertilizer and slow-release nitrogen fertilizer, paddy field experiments were conducted using conventional urea and sulfur-coated urea (SCU) fertilizers. The results indicated that ammonia volatilization flux positively increased with N application rate following an exponent function and depended on field water NH 4 + concentration and pH. The ammonia volatilization under SCU treatment was 37.95–70.48 kg/hm 2 , accounting for 40.66–52.86% of the fertilizer application rate. Compared with the same N input, the ammonia volatilization loss rate was 11.53–25.33% lower under the SCU treatment. Besides, SCU produced an unfavorable environment for ammonia volatilization, with a 1.15–2.61% decrease in pH and a 40.83–43.58% decrease in field water NH 4 + concentration.
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关键词
Ammonia volatilization, Slow-release fertilizers, Paddy fields, Taihu Lake region
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