Gluten exacerbates atherosclerotic plaque formation in ApoE−/− mice with diet-induced obesity

•Gluten increases weight gain and adiposity in ApoE knockout (ApoE–/–) mice fed a high-fat diet.•Gluten worsens adipose tissue inflammation and insulin sensitivity in ApoE–/– mice.•Gluten increases vascular inflammation and accelerates atherosclerosis.•Gluten decreases atherosclerotic plaque stability.