Fish borne Edwardsiella tarda eha involved in the bacterial biofilm formation, hemolytic activity, adhesion capability and pathogenicity

Edwardsiella tarda ( E. tarda ) is distributed widely in a variety of hosts including humans, other mammals and fish, and it is worthwhile to notice that E. tarda -caused fish infections lead to the most important bacterial disease in fish. Considering Eha acting as a transcriptional regulator in E. tarda strain ET13 have been reported previously, to better understand its pathogenesis due to this, a type of cell of epithelial cell line (Caco-2) infection model for the pathogen was established in the laboratory. We focused on studying various parameters such as lactate dehydrogenase release (to measure cytotoxicity) and cell adhesions, both of which are related to the bacterial pathogenesis. Furthermore biofilm formation, hemolytic activity, and adhesion to Caco-2 cells were decreased in an E.tarda mutant strain with deletion in-frame isogenic gene eha (∆ eha ) compared to the wild-type and the complementary strain eha + (an engineered construct of ∆ eha expressing eha ); Meanwhile, we found that hemolytic activity and biofilm formation were significantly enhanced in the strain eha + . Moreover, the ∆ eha strain had attenuated pathogenicity in the zebrafish infection model. The data also demonstrated that the series of genes fimA , esrB , gadB , mukF , katB , and katG are regulated by eha based on a quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction tests and analysis. Thus our research data indicated that eha has an impact on hemolytic activity, biofilm formation, adhesion, and pathogenicity of pathogenic strain ET13 and plays an essential role in manifesting the virulence factors.