Supported palladium membrane reactor architecture for electrocatalytic hydrogenation

Electrolytic palladium membrane reactors offer a means to perform hydrogenation chemistry utilizing electrolytically produced hydrogen derived from water instead of hydrogen gas. While previous embodiments of these reactors employed thick (>= 25 mu m) palladium foil membranes, we report here that the amount of palladium can be reduced by depositing a thin (1-2 mu m) layer of palladium onto a porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) support. The supported palladium membrane can be designed to ensure the fast diffusion of reagent and hydrogen to the palladium layer. The hydrogenation of 1-hexyne, for example, shows that the supported Pd/PTFE membrane can achieve reaction rates (e.g., 0.71 mmol h(-1)) which are comparable to 0.92 mmol h(-1) measured for palladium membranes with a high-surface area palladium electrocatalyst layer. The root cause of these comparable rates is that the high porosity of PTFE enables a 12-fold increase in electrocatalytic surface area compared to planar palladium foil membranes. These results provide a pathway for designing a cost-effective and potentially scalable electrolytic palladium membrane reactor.