Nonlinear Site Amplification Model for Ergodic Seismic Hazard Analysis in Central and Eastern North America

This article presents recommendations for nonlinear site amplification models in Central and Eastern North America (CENA), which are developed from one-dimensional site response analyses results and accompanies linear site amplification model in a companion article. Two median nonlinear amplification models using identical functional forms are produced as a function of V-S(30) and peak ground acceleration for reference conditions (PGA(r)) of V-S = 3000 m/s and V-S(30) = 760 m/s. An epistemic uncertainty model on median nonlinear amplification is proposed as a piecewise functional form to generate reasonable variations of nonlinear amplification across the period and V-S(30) ranges of interest. Limitations of the models are based on both the methodology of the model derivation and assumptions of nonlinear amplification model forms.