Comparison on OM5-MMF and OM4-MMF Data Links with 32-GBaud PAM-4 Modulated Few-Mode VCSEL at 850 nm

Based on the pre-emphasis 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM-4) format at a symbol rate of 32 GBaud, the comparisons among optical PAM-4 data transmissions through back-to-back (BtB), 100-m OM4 multi-mode fiber (MMF), and 100-m OM5-MMF links are discussed in detail by employing the directly modulated few-transverse-mode (FM) vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) chip at 850 nm as the...