A Novel Strategy for Quantifying Clopidogrel Using Square‐wave Voltammetry and a Boron‐doped Diamond Film

The voltammetric behavior of clopidogrel bisulfate (CLO), an antiplatelet agent, was investigated for the first time in the literature on a cathodically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode (CP-BDDE) using cyclic (CV) and square-wave voltammetry (SWV). It was observed an anodic peak for CLO, suitable for analytical purposes, at about 1.15 V (vs. Ag/AgCl (3.0 mol L-1 KCl)) by CV in Britton-Robinson buffer solution (pH 5.0). On the physical-chemical characterization of the interface phenomena, it was proved that electrode reaction of the analyte was controlled by a diffusion process. At optimized square-wave parameters (pulse amplitude of 60 mV, frequency of 30 Hz and scan increment of 3 mV), the obtained analytical curve was linear for the CLO concentration range from 0.60 to 60.0 mu mol L-1, with a detection limit of 0.60 mu mol L-1. The simple, rapid and greener analytical method, based on CP-BDDE electrochemical sensor, was successfully applied in real samples (pharmaceuticals and urine).