Is the corporate social responsibility–innovation link homogeneous?: Looking for sustainable innovation in the Spanish context

This study examines if the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and innovation is homogeneous or depends on the type of CSR practice and/or the type of innovation. The paper focuses on the three dimensions of the "three bottom line" of CSR (economic, social, and environmental) and on the so-called "fateful triangle" of innovation, which together with studied product and process innovation types also considers organizational innovation. The theoretical framework is based on the resource-based view and the knowledge-based view approaches. In analysing sustainable innovation in the Spanish context, we look at a set of firms taking data for the 2009-2014 Spanish Community Innovation Survey. The empirical study uses random effect probit panel data methodology. The results show that, although the positive effect of CSR on innovation is confirmed for the majority of the cases, there are differences depending on the innovation type and the CSR dimension.