Enzymatic Synthesis of 1‐Alkyl‐2‐hydroxy‐ sn ‐glycero‐2,3‐cyclic‐phosphate Using A Novel Lysoplasmalogen‐Specific Phopholipase D

Many phospholipase Ds (PLDs) are known to catalyze transphosphatidylation as well as hydrolysis of phospholipids. Transphosphatidylation of lysoplasmalogen (LyPls)-specific phospholipase D (LyPls-PLD), which catalyzes hydrolysis of ether lysophospholipids such as LyPls and 1-hexadecyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (Lyso-PAF), still remains unclear. This study aims to reveal the transphosphatidylation activity of LyPls-PLD, that is, the production of cyclic ether lysophospholipid. The enzymatic reaction is conducted in a buffer system, and the reaction products of a novel LyPls-PLD from Thermocrispum sp. are investigated using mass spectrometry (MS). MS analyses demonstrate the reaction products to consist of 100% 1-hexadecyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-2,3-cyclic-phosphate (cLyPA) and choline from Lyso-PAF; however, 1-alkenyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-2,3-cyclic-phosphate from 1-O-1 '-(Z)-octadecenyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1-O-1 '-(Z)-octadecenyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine is not produced. These results are expected to help in elucidating the catalytic mechanism of LyPls-PLD, that is, the rate-limiting step, and indicate LyPls-PLD to be useful for the one-pot synthesis of cLyPA. Practical Applications: A novel phospholipase D, LyPls-PLD, can exclusively synthesize cLyPA from Lyso-PAF using a one-step enzymatic reaction without an organic solvent. cLyPA could be expected to show bioactivities similar to those of cyclic phosphatidic acid, which promotes normal cell differentiation, hyaluronic acid synthesis, antiproliferative activity in fibroblasts, and inhibitory activity toward cancer cell invasion and metastasis.