Clinical Features Of Cases Followed With Idiopathic Hypercalciuria In Childhood, Long-Term Follow-Up Results And Retrospective Evaluation Of Complications

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess clinical, laboratory and imaging findings, treatment styles and long-term outcomes of paediatric patients followed with idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH).Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated and reviewed the files of patients aged between 3 months and 18 years with respect to age at the time of diagnosis, gender, admission complaints, follow-up period, laboratory and imaging findings (routine urinary analysis, blood and urinary biochemistry, parathormone, vitamin D level, urinary system ultrasonography and bone mineral density), onset and follow-up anthropometric data and complications.Results: The average ages of male and female patients (total: 52) diagnosed with IH were 30 and 22 years, respectively. The follow-up periods of male and female patients were 44.5 +/- 40.8 and 22.5 +/- 3.2 (6-96) months. The most frequent admission complaints were abdominal pain and underlying urinary tract infection (UTI) and history of haematuria. The average calcium level at the time of admission was 6.56 +/- 2.65 mg/kg/day, and the average calcium/creatinine level was 0.85 +/- 0.68 mg/mg. Kidney stones were determined in 41 (79%) patients. In total, 21 (40 %) patients had UTI. During follow-up, UTI developed in 6 (11.5 %) of them. Following medical treatment and/or nutrition recommendations, there was a reduction in the frequency of UTI rate, haematuria and enuresis (10/11 vs 6/25, p=0.030; 8/8 vs 3/33, p=0.001; and vs 1/46, p<0.001, respectively).Conclusion: Children with IH can apply with different clinical pictures and their conditions can lead to complications such as kidney stones, UTI. However, hypercalciuria, clinical complaints and complications can regress thanks to medical treatment or nutrition recommendations.