Modelling and mapping beech forest distribution and site productivity under different climate change scenarios in the Cantabrian Range (North-western Spain)

•The first site index curves have been developed for Cantabrian beech forests.•Beech presence is affected by climate, soil and terrain variables.•Beech productivity is related to silt content, temperature and terrain curvature.•Climate change may lead to a reduction in suitable habitat for beech in NW Spain.•Productivity projections indicate an increase in the average site index.