Comparative evaluation on IMES and the other positioning systems for navigation performance in a ship

AbstractAbstractIn this study, an indoor messaging system (IMES) was used to determine walking positions in an indoor environment at rates of 50 and 250 bps in a ship, transmitting powers of −65 and −85 dBm. Furthermore, Bluetooth low energy beacon and wireless LAN (Wi‐Fi) access point were also used. The results confirm that the best tracking of pedestrians in an indoor environment is achieved using IMES with a transmitter in a ship. The results of these experiments will be useful for new IMES/Global Navigation Satellite System chip set designs.