Evaluation of macroalgae and amphipods as bioindicators of petroleum hydrocarbons input into the marine environment

The brown alga Sargassum furcatum and three families of amphipods (Ampithoidae, Caprellidae and Hyalidae) associated to that algae were evaluated as bioindicators of petroleum hydrocarbons input into the marine environment of São Sebastião Channel, in southeastern region of Brazil. The n-alkanes pattern were mainly associated with the natural composition of the macroalgae and amphipods, although some indicatives of petroleum hydrocarbons such as unresolved complex mixture and the no predominance of odd over even n-alkanes have been observed in some samples. Total PAHs ranged from 33.4 to 2010 ng g−1 dry weight with the predominance of low molecular weight PAHs, mostly of naphthalene and alkyl-naphthalenes, which also suggested petroleum input. Even in low concentration, Sargassum furcatum and amphipods species studied seems to be good indicators of the introduction of petroleum hydrocarbons.