Machine learning-based radiomics strategy for prediction of cell proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer

•Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide.•Ki-67 nucleoprotein is a key marker that is associated with cell proliferation and tumour heterogeneity.•Advanced radiomic features can capture more information than subjective imaging features.•Machine learning-based CT radiomics classifiers can noninvasively predict the expression level of Ki-67 in NSCLC.•Random forest classifier can produce good classification results.