Renoprotective effects of pirfenidone on chronic renal allograft dysfunction by reducing renal interstitial fibrosis in a rat model

Aim Pirfenidone (PFD) has been used as medication for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis due to its ability in reducing lung fibrosis. However, the underlying mode of action in renal fibrosis during chronic renal allograft dysfunction (CRAD) requires further investigation. Therefore, the present study was conducted to explore the effects of PFD on renal injury induced by CRAD. Main methods Initially, the CRAD rat model was established, followed by the intragastric administration of PFD to the rats. Urine and blood samples were collected and tested against indicators of renal functions. The renal tissues were microscopically observed to determine the changes in pathological morphology. The anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic and anti-oxidant properties of PFD were explored in the setting of CRAD. Key findings The success rate of model establishment was 92.31%, which was reflected by weight loss, appetite loss, faded fur, and retarded reaction, with the symptoms found to exacerbate with time. PFD treatment could improve renal function, ameliorate inflammation and renal fibrosis as well as promote the anti-oxidant ability of renal allograft, indicating its potential role as an effective therapeutic agent for CRAD. Significance In conclusion, PFD was found to have renoprotective effects on renal injury induced by CRAD, which resulted in the alleviation of inflammation and renal fibrosis, providing novelty for CRAD clinical treatment.