Adaptive Pulse Wave Imaging: automated spatial vessel wall inhomogeneity detection in phantoms and in-vivo.
IEEE transactions on medical imaging(2020)
摘要
Imaging arterial mechanical properties may improve vascular disease diagnosis. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a marker of arterial stiffness linked to cardio-vascular mortality. Pulse wave imaging (PWI) is a technique for imaging the pulse wave propagation at high spatial and temporal resolution. In this paper, we introduce adaptive PWI, a technique for the automated partition of heterogeneous arteries into individual segments characterized by most homogeneous pulse wave propagation, allowing for more robust PWV estimation. This technique was validated in a silicone phantom with a soft-stiff interface. The mean detection error of the interface was 4.67 ± 0.73 mm and 3.64 ± 0.14 mm in the stiff-to-soft and soft-to-stiff pulse wave transmission direction, respectively. This technique was tested in monitoring the progression of atherosclerosis in mouse aortas
in vivo
(
${n} = {11}$
). The PWV was found to already increase at the early stage of 10 weeks of high-fat diet (3.17 ± 0.67 m/sec compared to baseline 2.55 ± 0.47 m/sec,
${p} < {0.05}$
) and further increase after 20 weeks of high-fat diet (3.76±1.20 m/sec). The number of detected segments of the imaged aortas monotonically increased with the duration of high-fat diet indicating an increase in arterial wall property inhomogeneity. The performance of adaptive PWI was also tested in aneurysmal mouse aortas
in vivo
. Aneurysmal boundaries were detected with a mean error of 0.68±0.44 mm. Finally, initial feasibility was shown in the carotid arteries of healthy and atherosclerotic human subjects
in vivo
(
${n} = {3}$
each). Consequently, adaptive PWI was successful in detecting stiffness inhomogeneity at its early onset and monitoring atherosclerosis progression
in vivo
.
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关键词
Mice,Phantoms,Atherosclerosis,Arteries,Image segmentation,Propagation
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