Evaluation of Skeletal Muscle Microcirculation and Reserve Function of the Type 2 Diabetes with Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography.

Objective This study aimed to discuss clinical application value of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography on lesion skeletal muscle microcirculation and arterial perfusion reserve in type 2 diabetes mellitus and complicated microvessels. Methods Patients in the control group, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) group, diabetic microangiopathy (DM + MC) group underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasonography before and after temporary arterial occlusion to observe blood perfusion of gastrocnemius muscle; draw the time-intensity curve of arteriole, muscular tissue, and venule, and obtain perfusion parameters such as contrast agent arrival time and contrast agent transit time. Blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance index, and relevant blood rheology parameters were measured. Results Contrast agent transit time of the DM + MC group before arterial occlusion was significantly longer than that of the DM group and control group (P < 0.05). Contrast agent transit time of the DM + MC group after temporary arterial occlusion was significantly longer than that of the DM group and control group (P < 0.05). Contrast agent transit time of oartery-muscle, oartery-vein, and omuscle-vein of the DM group and control group and oartery-muscle of the DM + MC group after arterial occlusion was significantly shortened, when compared with that before arterial occlusion (P < 0.05). For omuscle-vein and oartery-vein contrast agent transit time in the DM + MC group, the difference was not statistically significant. By comparing blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance index, and relevant blood rheology parameters among the DM + MC group, DM group, and control group, the difference was statistically significant, and there was a good correlation. Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography can be used to evaluate skeletal muscle microcirculation disturbance and arterial reserve function of patients who had type 2 diabetic microangiopathy.