Functional study of 14-3-3 protein epsilon (YWHAE) in keratinocytes: Microarray integrating bioinformatics approaches.

Previously, we detected that 14-3-3 protein epsilon (YWHAE) was involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) and tyrosinase-mediated pigmentation. In this study, we aimed to identify critical factors associated with YWHAE in human keratinocytes using high-throughput screening (HTS) approaches to reveal its functions in skin. We overexpressed YWHAE in human HaCaT keratinocytes and then conducted serial HTS studies, including RNA sequencing integrated with antibody arrays and the implementation of bioinformatics algorithms. Cumulatively, these approaches identified several novel genes in keratinocytes associated with the function of YWHAE including KRT9, KRT1, KRT6C, BST2, CIB2, APH1B, ACTC1, IFI27, TUBA1A, CAPN6, UTY, MX2, and MAPK15, based on RNA sequencing data, and MAPK1, MMP2, TYK2, NOS3, and CASP3, based on antibody array data. In particular, CD37 is a unique gene that was detected and validated in all the methods applied in this study. By integrating the datasets obtained from these HTS studies and utilizing the strengths of each method, we obtained new insights into the functional role of YWHAE in skin keratinocytes. The approach used here could contribute to the clinical understanding of YWHAE-associated applications in the treatment of AD disease.